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Crossing the aortic valve to reach the left ventricle with a catheter under fluoroscopic guidance defines left heart catheterization. This arterial procedure lets clinicians measure left-sided pressures and anatomy, and it also provides access to inject contrast for imaging the coronary arteries if needed. Right heart catheterization uses venous access and stays in the right atrium and right ventricle, so it does not cross the aortic valve. Coronary angiography images the coronary vessels and is commonly performed during left heart catheterization, but the action described specifically involves accessing the left ventricle. Renal angiography visualizes the renal arteries and does not involve the heart chambers.